Seeback and others first analyzed the biosynthetic pathway of L-EGT in Mycobacterium smegmatis, and determined the enzyme of L-EGT biosynthesis reaction, which involves the enzyme catalysis composed of five enzymes, including EgtA（ γ- Glutamyl cysteine ligase, EgtB (Fe 2+dependent enzyme), EgtC (glutamyl aminotransferase), EgtD (histidine methyltransferase), and EgtE (PLP dependent C-S lyase).
OXIS Company has introduced thiol groups into the imidazole ring, developed an efficient and commercialized method for chemical synthesis of ergothione, and applied for a patent.
Heath and Wildy confirmed that histidine and methionine were precursors of L-EGT synthesis by using [2-14 C] acetate labeling method, [35 S] labeling methionine, [2 (ring) - 14 C] labeling histamine labeling method, and histidine labeling method.
Melville et al. studied the pathway of biosynthesis of L-EGT trimethylammonium groups by Neurospora crassa with the help of isotope labeled precursors; It is speculated that the biosynthesis sequence of L-EGT is as follows: histidine is synthesized by methionine methylation to histidine betaine, and then L-EGT is synthesized by cysteine thiolation. Ishikawa et al. used the cell-free extract of Streptomyces rough to catalyze the synthesis of histidine α- Methylation of amino nitrogen atoms, speculated to be catalyzed by N-dimethylhistidine methyltransferase α- N-methylhistidine α- N forms histidine trimethyl lactone.
Tanret et al. isolated L-EGT for the first time from ergot fungi parasitic on the gramineous plant rye, and subsequently discovered L-EGT in human blood.
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